Castro Valley is the home to a number of educational resources. Castro Valley High School, Redwood Alternative High School, including two middle schools and nine elementary schools, as well as an adult school. Overall, the district contains almost 9,000 students.

In addition, Castro Valley is home to several private schools, all levels. Redwood Christian School is a private school teaching levels from kindergarten through the 12th grade. Our Lady of Grace offers grade levels from kindergarten to 6th grade.